Spring Design Formulas

The design of custom springs is governed by just a few relatively simple equations. The development of these equations dates back to 1660 when English scientist Robert Hooke published his Law of Elasticity – Hooke’s Law. Hooke’s Law states that, for relatively small deformations of an object, the displacement or size of the deformation is directly proportional to the deforming force or load. In mathematical terms, Hooke’s Law is expressed as F=-kx, where F is the applied Force, k is the spring constant, also called spring rate (R), and x is the displacement, also called deflection. This equation, along with equations for calculating the spring rate (R) and the stress within the material form the basis for spring design. Our Spring Design Formulas pages provide you with the appropriate equations for each spring type, along with some graphics showing a variety of spring configurations. (Please note that spring designers use the symbol P for applied force or load and the symbol F for deflection.) You can use these equations to get you started, but please consult us before finalizing anything. With engineering degrees from Cornell University and the University of Virginia plus over 25 years of experience designing springs and wire forms, our engineering staff is ready to assist you. We take the time to listen and understand your requirements and then, using industry standard software plus years of experience, we present you with options to consider. From choosing the best material to optimizing the design with regard to piece cost, manufacturability and assembly considerations, we are here to assist you with each step, helping you to avoid costly mistakes. Plus we are experts at designing springs for automated assembly. Concerned about high temperatures? Or corrosion? Or magnetic properties? As a custom spring manufacturer, we have faced all these issues before and are ready to put what we have learned to work for you. Give us a call and we will be happy to assist – we are a spring manufacturer that loves a challenge!